Did you ever wonder what "Aazadi" means?

Did you ever wonder what the title, Aazadi actually means? To me of course it means months and years of work and more sleepless nights to come. In many South Asian languages, it means some sort of combination of freedom and independence but to those in our film, it means very many things. The freedom to go outside, the freedom to have friends and see friends and to do many of the things most around the world take for granted.

Here, Kokila, one of the main characters from the film tells us what aazadi means to her.

There is still a long way to go, please take a moment to visit this link and help towards continuing to film Kokila’s story and the stories of the others and help bring them to the big screen and as many screens as we can.

The Cutting Edge: The Magic of Movie Making

Every now and then you get some real gems pop up on youtube. Yesterday was one of those days. Amongst the usual recommendations Google scarily know I am likely to click on was, The Cutting Edge: The Magic of Movie Editing.

From 2004, it’s a feature documentary about movie editing and has accounts from editors such as Walter Murch, Thelma Schoonmaker, Sally Menke and filmmakers such as Martin Scorsese, Quentin Tarantino, Sean Penn, James Cameron and more.

It’s not a ‘how to’ video or film - an hour and a half of that would be pretty exhausting but it has great accounts of some of the industry’s absolute best talking (and showing) you their process, their belief, their theory and their practice.

There aren’t that many films out there about the art of editing so this one is well worth a watch. In thinking about it, I can only really recall ever watching another film about editing which was the one that was made about Final Cut Pro, itself on youtube.

If any people out there happen to stumble on this admittedly short blog, please feel free to comment down below and recommend some others on the subject. I’d love to check them out.

Can a director edit and an editor direct?

Many directors edit and many editors have gone on to direct. Over the years it has become far more common within commercials, branded content, music videos and corporate image films with the ever decreasing budget dictating a lot of it.

But then there is longer form work such as television and film. The numbers doing both things become far fewer and the opinions on the subject become a little louder. The question often changes from whether it can be done (it can) to whether a director should edit. I purposely left off the other half of the original question as to whether an editor should direct as there are many examples of editors who went on to direct. Martin Scorsese worked as an editor, Robert Wise cut Citizen Kane of all things before directing films such as The Sound of Music and David Lean began as an editor cutting more than 20 movies such as Pygmalion and working with Powell & Pressburger before making his classics such as Lawrence of Arabia. Don Siegel and John Sturges worked their way to the director’s chair the same way going on to make films such as Dirty Harry & The Great Escape respectively whilst both John Glen & Peter Hunt both went from editing a James Bond movie to sitting in the director’s chair on later Bond efforts. Though there are many more examples I could throw out there, I recently saw a film called The Farthest, directed by Emer Reynolds* who has edited countless films, whose work is fantastic and The Farthest is the coolest film about the Voyager probes you will ever see.

You would be forgiven however in assuming that all of the above also have edited some of their films alongside directing them. It’s well known that Scorsese works with the amazing Thelma Schoonmaker and David Lean sat only in the directors chair for around 4 decades before he decided to both direct and edit A Passage to India (for which he won an Oscar for direction and was nominated for editing). Robert Wise never went back once he closed that door, nor did the great Hal Ashby despite a career that saw him cut In the Heat of the Night (for which his editing won an oscar) before a directing career that includes Harold & Maude and Being There.

There are others, however who take on both (or sometimes more) jobs on a film. Mary Ann Bernard and Roderick Jaynes both do it. They are the pseudonyms of Steven Soderbergh, who prolifically edits, directs, shoots, produces many of his films, and the Coen brothers respectively. Akira Kurosawa did it, Takeshi Kitano does it now, as does Benny Safdie, half of the Safdie brothers team who you will know from Uncut Gems although personally I adore their film Good Time. Then there was Frederick Wiseman who edited, directed, produced and often did the sound on over 40 films over a prolific (and successful) career not to mention Steve James (who made the great Hoop Dreams), Alfonso Cuaron and Xavier Dolan.

Slowly, you get an argument that suggests that not only is it possible but either starting as an editor or continuing to do it by editing and directing is a good thing. Those who would argue against might fairly point out that equal or greater numbers have come to the directors chair via cinematography, the art department, writing and various other routes.

So why is this even a conversation or a question?

It is an argument of perspective and having additional perspectives on a film that is what concerns those who suggest it is not always a good idea (at least in film and television - with TV often having a speed issue to navigate with a series often being cut as it is being filmed).

Filmmaking is a team effort. It really and truly takes a village to create a movie. If you ever wonder why a film often needs two different pieces of music to run credits over, making one will show you. However, when you think about it, even doing a commercial, music video, image film or anything has with it a collaboration which affects the final piece and the editing process, even if the only collaboration is with the client.

But the sheer length of television and films mean that it is so easy to get stuck in a viewpoint or not see the wood for the trees as they say back in Britain. A new perspective, fresh eyes - like that of an editor - can prove so valuable, Even Benny Safdie and the Coens have the other brother to lean on during the process. I have been those fresh eyes, seeing something new, providing a new idea, a new thread or even just playing Devil’s Advocate in helping others trust their initial decision more and I like the process and appreciate it.

At the time of writing, I am just at the end of key development, going towards the beginning of production for Aazadi (freedom) and have development rushes to start doing something with before going back to India to film the next block. Some say I need an editor, some have assumed I am doing it in an effort to assert full control over the project and some have, in fairness, thought it a good thing that I am going to edit. I can understand two of those three arguments. What Frederick Wiseman & Steve James have in common in directing and editing their films is working in non-fiction where the budget is often much more limited. You go from a question of wondering who might be the best person for the job to being the only person for the job via the only one you can afford. In assuming a director who wants to edit (or has to) has the mind of a despot is wrong and there are many other ways to gain fresh perspectives along that road though admittedly, it is a bit more difficult.

In an ideal world I would love to work with another editor. A good editor is a story teller and a sculptor of a story over and above someone that knows what all the buttons of software x can do. Likewise a good cinematographer is one who can spot a shot, moment or emotion and capture it to the benefit of the film (or whatever kind of project) independently of or at least in conjunction with the director. In making Aazadi, I choose purposely to only very very rarely pick up a camera and only if it is unavoidable not to.

I hope it will keep my mind fresh with what is on screen. I know that whatever story unfolds within the 4 walls of wherever is always a unique experience only a small handful of people will ever have. I chose to record sound during the developmental shooting out of necessity, concentrating on that as things progressed in real time, mostly due to budget restraints again but I also do like recording sound. It also means that the first time I see and hear what happened within those 4 walls properly, together, in sync and ready to sculpt, it will be within the 4 sides of my monitors. This provides me as fresh a perspective as can (literally) be afforded. Because I think there is a very strange trick that happens in non-fiction filmmaking. In my experience editing and/or directing, what feels like is being experienced in those 4 walls (or open spaces) is different to what presents itself on screen afterwards. What once felt a bit mundane has a moment you never knew or saw in the moment when on screen and what you may have thought was pure gold in the real moment is drab and lifeless on screen or has that something not quite right.

As the above article has perhaps suggested, there is a bit of a split personality needed to both direct and edit. I truly believe that you have to separate one part of the brain to another. On set and in pre-production, it is one thing but it is something else entirely on those monitors. You need to forget the 4 walls experience of the shoot and know only the monitor. What was to you in the room a wide shot, void of emotion could now be a close-up of a character, expressing something you had not initially seen live. The director in you may have written it off as probably unusable or something that went nowhere but the editor should now see a shot full of possibility. Likewise, a scene you once thought key might, when put together, seem flatter than expected or not driving the narrative the way you once thought. It doesn’t mean the director in you failed after all, that new close up that expressed something special could be something you forgot you even asked for. A good editor would tell you the same thing, but the director who edits has to tell themselves. But to imagine that assemblies, rough cuts, ideas and other things are not shown to others for a fresh perspective is usually nonsense. The director/editor doesn’t just disappear into a dark room and come back out months (years even) later with a film ready for screen with nobody looking. At least I won’t.

I hope one day to ask all of the above and more about their process for doing both or deciding not to do one in tandem with the other. Until then, I will continue doing both until I have the opportunity not to. I look forward to editing for a director, bringing with me only my editing hat, maybe making something with only a directors hat and continuing to wear the two hats together to get to where the projects need to go.

Speaking of two hats (or Twin Peaks) David Lynch has also done both too.

Some questions, some answers...

Have you ever sat in a bath and decided to interview yourself as if you just scored the winning goal in a cup final or have just been handed a nice golden Oscar by the academy? Have you ever just sat there interviewing yourself after this imaginary moment of glory? Is it really just me?

Because you might be checking me out as someone you can work with, I have decided to interview myself so you get a better idea of me:

What exactly am I? Filmmaker, editor, compositor, finishing artist?

Yes to all of these. I spent over a decade in various ways in various places as a compositor/VFX artist working on commercials and movie projects. You can check out a few of the films I worked on with my IMDb listing. I have always edited, starting in film school where I did a lot then cutting promos, commercials and trailers before settling in to comp work as well (luckily, these often sit side by side when creating things like commercials & branded content etc and fortunately, I do both). In the last years, I wanted to work more towards creating things from the front rather than at the back end of projects and have been writing, producing and directing things such as branded content, some shorts and now my first feature non-fiction project. So, that’s me.

Of these things, what do I like doing the most?

Again, all of them. For me, the important thing is the story, message and/or content. I love making things, finding solutions and making the best of what I am given whether it is a brief, a budget or some footage. To purely edit something previously shot is a great job which I love to do, helping to sculpt a story out of the raw materials I get. I enjoy that collaboration. Equally, I love the turning of a blank piece of paper into something that I (or anybody else) might film, record and later edit and finish.

Which software do I use?

Depends on the job really.

For editing I will use anything but have a particular affinity for Adobe Premiere Pro & Final Cut Pro (yes, really). It has been a while since I used Avid but happy to jump on board if needed and same goes for DaVinci Resolve. I find myself drawn Premiere for shorter projects, especially if an integration with After Effects will be useful and FCP on longer form things (or again, Avid).

For VFX & compositing I tend to use Adobe After Effects whilst in the past I was a heavy user of Autodesk Smoke & Flame and have played around with NUKE a bit.

For colour, I like DaVinci Resolve though FCP has some great tools within it as do both Premiere & After Effects.

I also use various plug-ins and third party tools as well as other apps within the Adobe cloud such as Photoshop etc.

What do I use in my home office?

I have a Mac based workflow with a heavy duty amount of RAM and latest M1 Max chip. I have licenses for Final Cut Pro & the full Adobe Suite and the full DaVinci Resolve Studio software.

Do I only do post-production?

No. As I previously wrote, I enjoy to get involved in the entire process of a project from script to screen or dive in to different areas along that process. I write, I direct, I produce a little bit, I do camera when needed to (though I will not call myself an accomplished cameraman) and even record sound (which I love to do and am pretty good at).

Where am I based?

I am mobile but I can mostly be found in Berlin and the surrounding area. I can work remotely from home or am available to work wherever you want me.

Where am I from?

No, I’m British (Welsh) but was here long before Brexit thankfully.

What languages do I speak?

English is my native language. Ich kann auch in Deutsch sprechen aber, leider bin ich noch nicht perfekt! I am currently learning German at B2 level which means I still make some mistakes and sound a little strange to a native ear but can manage most things. I can also speak a little Italian and a little Hindi.

However, I have found that I can work with a project in any language and look forward to doing it again.

How do we work together?

Simply contact me here and I will get right back to you.

Many thanks to the academy…